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  5. Creating the example 2D analysis model

Creating the example 2D analysis model

Tekla Tedds
2021
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Define the geometry (SI Metric)

  1. On the Nodes tab, enter the nodal coordinates.
  2. Indicate that the frame is supported at nodes 1 and 4, as shown below.
    Tip:

    To generate additional rows for new nodes, ensure the existing row is valid. Then, click anywhere in the empty row below, marked with * .

    Node X(m) Z(m) DOF X DOF Z DOF rotation
    1 0 0 Fixed Fixed Free
    2 2 0 Free Free Free
    3 4 0 Free Free Free
    4 6 0 Free Fixed Free
    5 1 1.75 Free Free Free
    6 3 1.75 Free Free Free
    7 5 1.75 Free Free Free
  3. On the Materials tab, set the material to Steel (EC3).

    The material properties appear in the property spreadsheet.

    Name Density

    (kg/m^3)

    		Youngs Modulus

    (kN/mm^2)

    		Shear Modulus

    (kN/mm^2)

    		Thermal Co-efficient
    Steel (EC3) 7850 210 80.8 12
  4. On the Sections tab, click Select..., and select the two sections shown below in the European steel data list:
    Name Area

    (cm^2)

    		Major Inertia

    (cm^4)

    		Minor Inertia

    (cm^4)

    		Shear Area, y

    (cm^2)

    		Shear Area, z

    (cm^2)

    UC 203x203x60 76.373 6124.513 2064.598 52.602 19.702
    CHS 168.3x6.3 32.063 1053.420 1053.420 16.0315 16.031
  5. On the Elements tab, define the analysis elements as shown below.
    Element Start Node End Node Material Section
    1 1 2 Steel UC 203x203x60
    2 2 3 Steel UC 203x203x60
    3 3 4 Steel UC 203x203x60
    4 5 6 Steel UC 203x203x60
    5 6 7 Steel UC 203x203x60
    6 1 5 Steel CHS 168.3x6.3
    7 5 2 Steel CHS 168.3x6.3
    8 2 6 Steel CHS 168.3x6.3
    9 6 3 Steel CHS 168.3x6.3
    10 3 7 Steel CHS 168.3x6.3
    11 7 4 Steel CHS 168.3x6.3
  6. Define the end releases for the elements as shown below.
    Element Start Node End Node Start Moment End Moment Axial
    1 1 2 Fixed Fixed Fixed
    2 2 3 Fixed Fixed Fixed
    3 3 4 Fixed Fixed Fixed
    4 5 6 Fixed Fixed Fixed
    5 5 6 Fixed Fixed Fixed
    6 1 5 Free Free Fixed
    7 5 2 Free Free Fixed
    8 2 6 Free Free Fixed
    9 6 3 Free Free Fixed
    10 3 7 Free Free Fixed
    11 7 4 Free Free Fixed

    The releases should now be displayed in the graphical display as shown below.

Define the geometry (US Imperial)

  1. On the Nodes tab, enter the nodal coordinates.
  2. Indicate that the frame is supported at nodes 1 and 4, as shown below.
    Tip:

    To generate additional rows for new nodes, ensure the existing row is valid. Then, click anywhere in the empty row below, marked with * .

    Node X(ft) Z(ft) DOF X DOF Z DOF rotation
    1 0 0 Fixed Fixed Free
    2 7 0 Free Free Free
    3 14 0 Free Free Free
    4 21 0 Free Fixed Free
    5 3.5 6 Free Free Free
    6 10.5 6 Free Free Free
    7 17.5 6 Free Free Free
  3. On the Materials tab, select Steel (AISC).

    The material properties appear in the property spreadsheet.

    Name Density

    (lbm/ft^3)

    		Youngs Modulus

    (ksi)

    		Shear Modulus

    (ksi)

    		Thermal Co-efficient
    Steel (AISC) 490 29000 11200 12
  4. On the Sections tab, click Select..., and select the two sections shown below in the USA (US units) steel data list:
    Name Area

    (in^2)

    		Major Inertia

    (in^4)

    		Minor Inertia

    (in^4)

    		Shear Area, y

    (in^2)

    		Shear Area, z

    (in^2)

    W 8x40 1.7 146 49.1 8.13 2.97
    HSS 6.625x0.250 4.68 23.9 23.9 2.34 2.34
  5. On the Elements tab, define the analysis elements as shown below.
    Element Start Node End Node Material Section
    1 1 2 Steel (AISC) W 8x40
    2 2 3 Steel (AISC) W 8x40
    3 3 4 Steel (AISC) W 8x40
    4 5 6 Steel (AISC) W 8x40
    5 6 7 Steel (AISC) W 8x40
    6 1 5 Steel (AISC) HSS 6.625x0.250
    7 5 2 Steel (AISC) HSS 6.625x0.250
    8 2 6 Steel (AISC) HSS 6.625x0.250
    9 6 3 Steel (AISC) HSS 6.625x0.250
    10 3 7 Steel (AISC) HSS 6.625x0.250
    11 7 4 Steel (AISC) HSS 6.625x0.250
  6. Define the end releases for the elements as shown below.
    Element Start Node End Node Start Moment End Moment Axial
    1 1 2 Fixed Fixed Fixed
    2 2 3 Fixed Fixed Fixed
    3 3 4 Fixed Fixed Fixed
    4 5 6 Fixed Fixed Fixed
    5 5 6 Fixed Fixed Fixed
    6 1 5 Free Free Fixed
    7 5 2 Free Free Fixed
    8 2 6 Free Free Fixed
    9 6 3 Free Free Fixed
    10 3 7 Free Free Fixed
    11 7 4 Free Free Fixed

    The releases should now be displayed in the graphical display as shown below.

Make the top and bottom chords continuous

  1. On the Design Members tab, name the first member Top Chord.
  2. Click the ... button in the Edit column and specify the properties of Top Chord as shown below:
    • start node 4
    • end node 5
    • support at the two end nodes
  3. Repeat the above process to create a second member, Bottom Chord, with the properties shown below:
    • start node 1
    • end node 3
    • support at the two end nodes

Define the loading (SI Metric)

  1. On the Loading tab, select Node loads as the type of load.
  2. Define the three Z direction loads shown below, at the same time ensuring that the load case for each one is set to Dead.
  3. Add three more node loads as shown below, this time changing the load case to Live.
  4. On the Load Combinations tab, create a single combination whose type is Strength.
  5. Define the factors of the combination as follows:

    • Self weight: 1.35

    • Dead: 1.35

    • Live: 1.5

Define the loading (US Imperial)

  1. On the Loading tab, select Node loads as the type of load.
  2. Define the three Z direction loads shown below, at the same time ensuring that the load case for each one is set to Dead.
  3. Add three more node loads as shown below, this time changing the load case to Live.
  4. On the Load Combinations tab, create a single combination whose type is Strength.
  5. Define the factors of the combination as follows:

    • Self weight: 1.2

    • Dead: 1.2

    • Live: 1.6

Examine the results (SI Metric)

The Results tab displays both tabular and graphical results for the selected load case, combination or envelope. You can control the graphical results with the available lists and the check boxes.

  1. In the list immediately to the left of the table, select Single load combination, and highlight the previously defined combination.
  2. Select the box to display the axial force diagram, and note the forces in each of the members.
  3. Try checking each of the result check boxes to view the different diagrams that can be displayed.
  4. On the Nodal tabular results spreadsheet, click the column header for vertical global deflection.
    The deflections are sorted in ascending order, click again to sort in descending order.
    Note:

    Minimum and maximum member forces can be located in a similar way.

Examine the results (US Imperial)

The Results tab displays both tabular and graphical results for the selected load case, combination or envelope. You can control the graphical results with the available lists and the check boxes.

  1. In the list immediately to the left of the table, select Single load combination, and highlight the previously defined combination.
  2. Select the box to display the axial force diagram, and note the forces in each of the members.
  3. Try checking each of the result check boxes to view the different diagrams that can be displayed.
  4. On the Nodal tabular results spreadsheet, click the column header for vertical global deflection.
    The deflections are sorted in ascending order, click again to sort in descending order.
    Note:

    Minimum and maximum member forces can be located in a similar way.

Modify the geometry (SI Metric)

You can quickly modify the model by using expressions in spreadsheets. See an example below.

  1. Return to the Nodes tab and highlight all X coordinate cells.
  2. Type =*2, as shown below.
  3. Press Enter.

    The value in each highlighted cell is increased by the amount specified.

    Click the Results tab to see that the analysis has been automatically updated to reflect the increased span.

Modify the geometry (US Imperial)

You can quickly modify the model by using expressions in spreadsheets. See an example below.

  1. Return to the Nodes tab and highlight all X coordinate cells.
  2. Type =*2, as shown below.
  3. Press Enter.

    The value in each highlighted cell is increased by the amount specified.

    Click the Results tab to see that the analysis has been automatically updated to reflect the increased span.
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