Ledge spandrel (55)

Ledge spandrel (55) creates typical flexural, shear, and ledge reinforcement for a ledge spandrel.

Reinforcement created

Prestress straight or depressed strands for flexural reinforcement in the spandrel stem
Mild longitudinal bars for flexural reinforcement
Mesh for shear reinforcement in the spandrel stem
Stirrups for shear reinforcement in the spandrel stem
Reinforcement mesh in the spandrel ledge
Stirrups for shear reinforcement in the spandrel ledge
Mild reinforcement in the ends of the spandrel

Use for


Situation
Straight and depressed prestress strands
Varying strand pattern and strand number
To define longitudinal reinforcement in the stem
When you want reinforcement mesh in the stem
When you want stirrups in the spandrel stem
To use reinforcement mesh in the spandrel ledge
To use stirrups in the spandrel ledge
To add mild reinforcement to the spandrel ends

Before you start

Create the concrete ledge spandrel.
Calculate the required area and quantity of strands and other reinforcement.
Define other reinforcement properties, such as debonding and pull values.

Strand template tab

Use the Strand template tab to define the allowable grid points for strands within the spandrel cross section.

Grid spacing along Y and along X

You can specify the arrangement of vertical strand planes in the spandrel, along with the vertical distances between grid points in each plane. Strands are defined by their row and column number within the grid, but the template allows for a mixture of regular and irregular grid points with respect to both the horizontal and vertical axes.

Use the Grid spacing along X and Grid spacing along Y fields to define a list of distances between successive planes and grid points.

Separate the values with commas or spaces. The first value is the distance from the the bottom edge of the stem. Each successive value is the distance to the next grid point.

Tip:

Use a multiplier to define a repeating series of values. For example, 8*2 indicates eight holes with a two unit spacing.

Strand pattern tab

Use the Strand pattern tab to define the actual strand properties.

You place strands in the spandrel by defining the grid points from the strand template for each end of the strand element. You also define size, and other reinforcement properties for the strands here.

A row of data on this tab can be thought of as a group. All the strands defined in one group share the same properties and start and stop rows. A group may also refer to a list of columns in the strand template, letting you use one group definition to create a set of strands.

External file

With an external CSV file you can define an unlimited amount of individual strands.

Select to use an external file from the Use external file list.

Select an external CSV file by clicking ... button.

Rebar end is same as start

Define the strand input.

Select Yes to use the row and debond information of the strand start for the strands at the strand end.
Select No to define an alternate row and debond information at the end of each strand.

Strand pattern definitions

Define the row and column for each end of the strand using the strand template positions in the strand grid. Strands may have different grid row positions at each end, but a strand cannot cross grid columns.


Option	Description
Strand start - Row	Define the horizontal row number in the strand template for the start of the strand.
Strand start - Debond	Define the debond length at the start of the strand.
Strand end - Row	If Same as left is No, define the horizontal row number in the strand template for the end of the strand.
Strand end - Debond	If Same as left is No, define the debond length at the end of the strand.
Columns	Define a list of one or more column numbers and/or column ranges in the strand template at which a strand should be created.
Size	Define the size of the strands by selecting if from the reinforcing bar catalog.
Grade	Define the strand grade.
Pull	Define the pull force of the strands.

Strand profile tab

Use the Strand profile tab to define the vertical profile for strands in the spandrel.

Strands may be straight (though not necessarily horizontal), or depressed, using one or two control points. Note that all strands use the same general profile.

Use the following options to define the strand profile:


Option	Description
	Straight
	1-pt depressed
	2-pt depressed variable
	2-pt depressed fixed

Define the height of the strand in Strand ht @ position.

Depress position

Define depress positions A and B as either a fixed distance or as a percentage of the member length.

Same as A

Define whether depress position B uses the same values as depress position A in the Two points, depressed variable and Two points, depressed fixed strand profiles.

Longitudinal rebar tab

Use the Longitudinal rebar tab to define the additional mild steel reinforcement in the spandrel. Reinforcement may be defined with a variety of parametric forms.

External file

Select to use an external file from the Use external file list.

Select an external CSV file by clicking ... button.

Minimum end clear distance C & D

Define the minimum end clearance distance.

Longitudinal rebar definitions


Option	Description
Grade	Define the grade of the reinforcing bar.
Size	Define the size of the reinforcing bar by selecting it from the reinforcing bar catalog.
Xloc	Specify the horizontal location of the reinforcing bar.
Yloc	Specify the vertical location of the reinforcing bar.

Length type

Define the length type for the reinforcing bar group. Enter additional information in the L, C, or D fields.


Option	Description
Full length	Reinforcing bar extends the full length of the stem, excluding the minimum end clear distance at each end. The L, C, and D fields are disabled.
Centered	Define a fixed length L for the reinforcing bar. The reinforcing bar is place at the center position in the stem. The C and D fields are disabled.
Known L, C	Define a fixed length L for the reinforcing bar and a distance C from the start of the strand. The D field is disabled.
Known L, C	Define a fixed length L for the reinforcing bar and a distance D from the end of the strand. The C field is disabled.
Known C, D	Define a distance C and D from the end of the strand. The L field is disabled.

Location

Specify the relative location for longitudinal bars using the following icons:


Description	Option
Top and bottom left:
Top and bottom right:
Top and bottom left and right:
Top left:
Top right:
Top left and right:
Bottom left:
Bottom right:
Bottom left and right:

Stem mesh tab

Use the Stem mesh tab to define the mesh to be used in the spandrel stem. Mesh can run the full length of the spandrel, or be placed in short sections at either end.

Stem mesh type

Define the mesh type by selecting it from the Mesh type catalog. The mesh type also defines the mesh grade, mesh size, and bar spacing.

Stem mesh length

Specify whether the mesh is continuous over the full length of the member or is used only at the spandrel end(s) from the Continuous list. If Yes is selected from the list, the mesh extends the full length of the member. If No is selected from the list, mesh can be defined at each end.

Stem stirrups tab

Use the Stem stirrups tab to define the bent bar reinforcement in the spandrel stem. This includes stirrup shape, bar size, end clearance, number of bars, and bar spacing in eight zones along the length of the spandrel.

External file

Select to use an external file from the Use external file list.

Select an external CSV file by clicking ... button.

Stirrup type

Stirrups are defined in groups, and a row of data on this tab represents the definition for a group. All the stirrups defined in one group share the same properties, including stirrup type. Clear cover definitions apply to all groups.

The following stirrup types may be used in ledge spandrels:


Option	Description
	90-degree closed stirrup
	135-degree closed stirrup
	Lapped pair
	Fixed pair
	Open U

If you select Closed or Follow borders, you can define advanced hook properties.

Hook

You can select to create a hook or a custom hook from the Hook type list.

If you create a hook, you can define hook Angle, Radius, and Length.

Ledge mesh tab

Use the Ledge mesh tab to define the mesh used to reinforce the spandrel ledge. Mesh runs the full length of the spandrel.

Ledge mesh type

Define the mesh type by selecting it from the Mesh type catalog. The mesh type also defines the mesh grade, mesh size, and bar spacing.

Ledge rebar tab

Use the Ledge rebar tab to define the bent bar reinforcement in the spandrel ledges. This includes strirrup shape, bar size, end clearance, number of bars, and bar spacing in eight zones along the length of the spandrel.

Ledge stirrups

Ledge stirrups are defined in groups, using the same concept as stem stirrups. The following ledge stirrup types may be used:


Option	Description
	Bent U-bar stirrup
	Bent U-Bar pairs
	90-degree stirrup
	135-degree stirrup Closed

If you select Closed, you can define advanced hook properties.

Hook

You can select to create a hook or a custom hook from the Hook type list.

If you create a hook, you can define hook Angle, Radius, and Length.

End rebar tab

Use the End rebar tab to define the bent bar reinforcement and the secondary rebar set in the spandrel ends. This includes position, orientation, bar size and length, cover, and end clearance. Up to 6 horizontal bars may be defined.


Option	Description
Size	Define the size of the reinforcing bar by selecting it from the reinforcing bar catalog.
Grade	Define the grade of the reinforcing bar.

Attributes tab

Use the Attributes to define naming and numbering properties of the strands, stirrups, and bars.


Option	Description
Prefix	Prefix for the part position number.
Start number	Start number for the part position number.
Name	Tekla Structures uses the name in drawings and reports.
Class	Use Class to group reinforcement. For example, you can display reinforcement of different classes in different colors.

Strand code

Store strand code – With option Store strand code you may choose to store (or not) a user-defined textual attribute TS_STRAND_CODE to part.

Strand code – In field Strand code you may enter a string template for the value of the above mentioned user-defined attribute. The default template is the total number of created strands. The template may contain any text and the predefined fields for:

%NUMBERS – is the numbers of created strands with different sizes and/or grades e.g. 10 (for one size & grade) or 6+4 (if two sizes and/or grades has been used).
%SIZES – sizes of the strands e.g 1/2 or 1/2 + 3/8.
%GRADES – grades of strands.

Strand creation at voids

Create strand at voids – The option Yes will show the strands even though the voids are present. The option No will not show the strand if void is present at any location along the strand path.

Select to cut the strands at void locations from Cut strands at voids.