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Units

Tekla Tedds
2020
Tekla Tedds Tekla Tedds for Word

Units

Tedds performs your calculations using its base units, but you can define values and obtain calculation results in any previously defined units. The following paragraphs list all previously defined units that are supplied with Tedds.

Please note the following features of Tedds units:
  • Units are case sensitive and must be defined exactly as shown below.
  • All intermediate results are given in Tedds base units.
  • All units must be preceded and followed by a space, an operator, or a delimiter.
  • If you define units within the body of an expression, place them in parentheses with their associated value to avoid ambiguity. For example, x + (4mm).
  • You must define 1/unit as unit-1. m/s is acceptable, but 1/s should be defined as s-1.
  • The system does not recognize the multiplication of two units. Therefore, units like Nms are not recognized unless you have manually entered them in the unit database.
  • You may alter the contents of the units database using the available unit functions. For more information, see Unit functions.

Base units of Tedds

Note:

The values shown in the following table are rounded for esthetic reasons.

In Tedds, all values are held to an accuracy of 15 decimal places. If you want to see the full value, place a calculation in your document and set a precision of 15 decimal places.

Table 1. Tedds base units
Base units of Tedds
Unit US imperial SI metric Dimension
Length 1 ft 1 m 1 L
Mass 1 slugs 1 kg 1 M
Time 1 s 1 s 1 T
Temperature 1 °C 1 °C 1 D
Angle 1°, 1 deg, 1 degs 1°, 1 deg, 1 degs Dimensionless
Note: Degrees are used as the angular base unit in Tedds because structural engineering calculations typically use degrees and not radians. In the majority of cases this simplifies calculations. It does however mean than when working with circular sectors and calculating length * rad that additional conversion factors must be incorporated into the calculations.

Derived units: SI metric

In addition to the base units, Tedds contains a series of derived units. The complete list of units provided with Tedds are given in the following tables.

Note:

For Tedds for Word users:

All units listed in the following tables that require special characters are available in Library Access System. Go to Writing your own custom calculations > Calculation writing documentation > SI units.

In addition, the units are listed in the TeddsUnits.doc file, which is located in the directory where you installed Tedds for Word.

Angle units
Unit Tedds base unit Dimension
rad 180/π degs Dimensionless
rads 180/π degs Dimensionless
Length units
Unit Tedds base unit Dimension
mm 0.0001 m L
cm 0.01 m L
dm 0.1 m L
km 1000 m L
in 0.0254 m L
ft 0.3048 m L
yd 0.9144 m L
mi 1609.344 m L
Mass units
Unit Tedds base unit Dimension
gm 0.001 kg M
t 1000 kg M
tonne 1000 kg M
oz 0.0283495 kg M
lb 0.45359247 kg M
ton 1016.047 kg M
US_ton 907.185 kg M
Time units
Unit Tedds base unit Dimension
min 60 s T
hr 3600 s T
day 86400 s T
yr 31556926 s T
Frequency units
Unit Tedds base unit Dimension
Hz 1 s-1 T-1
kHz 1000 s-1 T-1
MHz 106 s-1 T-1
GHz 109 s-1 T-1
Velocity units
Units Tedds base unit Dimension
kph 0.277777778 m/s LT-1
mph 0.4470398 m/s LT-1
Area units
Units Tedds base unit Dimension
hectare 104 m2 L2
acre 4046.8564 m2 L2
Volume units
Unit Tedds base unit Dimension
ml 10-6 m3 L3
l 10-3 m3 L3
floz 0.00002841306 m3 L3
gal 0.00454609 m3 L3
gallon 0.00454609 m3 L3
US_gal 0.00363686 m3 L3
US_gallon 0.00363686 m3 L3
Force units
Unit Tedds base unit Dimension
N 1 kgm/s2 MLT-2
kN 1000 kgm/s2 MLT-2
MN 10 6 kgm/s2 MLT-2
kgf 9.81 kgm/s2 MLT-2
tf 9810 kgm/s2 MLT-2
dyne 10-5 kgm/s2 MLT-2
lbf 4.4497414 kgm/s2 MLT-2
tonf 9967.4207 kgm/s2 MLT-2
kip 4449.7414 kgm/s2 MLT-2
kips 4449.7414 kgm/s2 MLT-2
Moment units
Unit Tedds base unit Dimension
Nmm 10-3 kgm2/s2 ML2T-2
kNm 1000 kgm2/s2 ML2T-2
MNm 106 kgm2/s2 ML2T-2
kip_ft 1356.2812 kgm2/s2 ML2T-2
kip_in 113.023430 kgm2/s2 ML2T-2
Energy units
Unit Tedds base unit Dimension
J 1 kgm2/s2 ML2T-2
kJ 1000 kgm2/s2 ML2T-2
erg 10-7 kgm 2/s2 ML2T-2
MJ 106 kgm2/s2 ML2T-2
GJ 109 kgm2/s2 ML2T-2
Power units
Unit Tedds base unit Dimension
W 1 kgm 2/s3 ML2T-3
kW 1000 kgm 2/s3 ML2T-3
MW 106 kgm 2/s3 ML2T-3
Stress and pressure units
Unit Tedds base unit Dimension
Pa 1 kg/s2/m ML-1T-2
kPa 1000 kg/s2/m ML-1T-2
MPa 106 kg/s2/m ML-1T-2
GPa 109 kg/s2/m ML-1T-2
bar 105 kg/s2/m ML-1T-2
bars 105 kg/s2/m ML-1T-2
mwater kg/s2/m ML-1T-2
mmwater kg/s2/m ML-1T-2
mH20 kg/s2/m ML-1T-2
mmH2O kg/s2/m ML-1T-2
ksi kg/s2/m ML-1T-2
psi kg/s2/m ML-1T-2
psf kg/s2/m ML-1T-2
Temperature units
Unit Tedds base unit Dimension
Cday 86400 s°C T°C
°Cday 86400 s°C T°C
Note:

The units in the Electrical units table are based around a definition of a coulomb as a dimensionless unit.

For all practical purposes, the following definitions are sufficient to ensure that calculations and dimensional checking work correctly in Tedds.

However, in rare cases, combining the following units with other dimensionless units can mean that the dimensional analysis fails to detect errors.

Electrical units
Unit Tedds base unit Dimension
coul Not applicable Dimensionless
amp s-1 T-1
A s-1 T-1
kA 103 s-1 T-1
mA 10-3 s-1 T-1
µA 10-6 s-1 T-1
V kg m2/s2 ML2T -2
volt kg m2/s2 ML2T -2
mV 10-3 kg m2/s2 ML2T -2
kV 103 kg m2/s2 ML2T -2
ohm kg m2/s ML2T-1
W kg m2/s ML 2T -1
kΩ 103 kg m2/s ML2T -1
MΩ 106 kg m2/s ML2T -1
mho kg -1 m-2s M-1L-2T
siemens kg -1 m-2s M-1L-2T
weber kg m2/s ML2T-1
henry kg m2 ML2
H kg m2 ML2
mH 10-3 kg m2 ML2
µH 10-6 kg m2 ML2
tesla kg/s MT-1
gauss 10-4 kg/s MT-1
oersted 79.577472 1/ms M-1T-1
farad kg-1m-2s2 M-1L-2T²
F kg-1m-2s2 M-1L-2T²
pF 10-12kg-1m-2s2 M-1L-2T²
nF 10-9 kg-1m-2s2 M-1L-2T²
µF 10-6 kg-1m-2s2 M-1L-2T²
Currency units
Unit Tedds base unit Dimension
£ Not applicable Dimensionless
Note: Like all other units, currency units must be placed after the numbers to which they apply.

Currency units have been added to facilitate calculations which require compound units, such as £/year.

Derived units: US imperial and SI metric

In addition to the base units, Tedds base unit contains a series of derived units. The complete list of units provided with Tedds are given in the following tables.

Note:

For Tedds for Word users:

All units listed in the following tables that require special characters are available in Library Access System. Go to Writing your own custom calculations > Calculation writing documentation > US units.

In addition, the units are listed in the TeddsUnits.doc file, which is located in the directory where you installed Tedds for Word.

Angle units
Unit US imperial factor Tedds base unit Dimension
rad 180/π degs 180/π degs Dimensionless
rads 180/π degs 180/π degs Dimensionless
Length units
Unit US imperial factor Tedds base unit Dimension
in 0.0833333 ft 0.0254 m L
ft 1 ft 0.3048 m L
yd 3 ft 0.9144 m L
mi 5280 ft 1609.344 m L
mm 0.00328084 ft 0.001 m L
cm 0.0328084 ft 0.01 m L
dm 0.328084 ft 0.1 m L
m 3.28084 ft 1 m  
km 3280.84 ft 1000 m L
Mass units
Unit US imperial factor Tedds base unit Dimension
z_av 0.00194256 slugs 0.0283495 kg M
lbm 0.0310810 slugs 0.45359237 kg M
lb_av 0.0310810 slugs 0.45359237 kg M
lbs_av 0.0310810 slugs 0.45359237 kg M
slug 1 slug 14.5939 kg M
slugs 1 slug 14.5939 kg M
US_ton 62.1620 slugs 907.185 kg M
tonne 68.5219 slugs 1000 kg M
UK_ton 69.6214 slugs 1016.047 kg M
ton_av 69.6214 slugs 1016.047 kg M
gm 0.0000685219 slugs 0.001 kg M
kg 0.0685219 slugs 1 kg M
Time units  
Unit US imperial factor Tedds base unit Dimension
min 60 s 60 s T
hr 3600 s 3600 s T
day 86400 s 86400 s T
yr 31556926 s 31556926 s T
Frequency units
Unit US imperial factor Tedds base unit Dimension
Hz 1 s-1 1 s-1 T-1
kHz 1000 s-1 1000 s-1 T-1
MHz 106 s-1 106 s-1 T-1
GHz 109 s-1 109 s-1 T-1
Velocity units
Units US imperial factor Tedds base unit Dimension
mph 1.46667 ft/s 0.277777778 m/s LT-1
kph 0.911344 ft/s 0.4470398 m/s LT-1
Area units
Units US imperial factor Tedds base unit Dimension
acre 43560.0 ft² 4046.86 m² L²
hetacre 107639 ft² 10000 m² L²
Volume units
Units US imperial factor Tedds base unit Dimension
floz 0.00104438 ft³ 0.0000295735 m³ L³
US_floz 0.00104438 ft³ 0.0000295735 m³ L³
gal 0.133681 ft³ 0.00378541 m³ L³
gallon 0.133681 ft³ 0.00378541 m³ L³
US_gal 0.133681 ft³ 0.00378541 m³ L³
US_gallon 0.133681 ft³ 0.00378541 m³ L³
UK_floz 0.00100340 ft³ 0.0000284131 m³ L³
UK_gal 0.160544 ft³ 0.004546094 m³ L³
UK_gallon 0.160544 ft³ 0.004546094 m³ L³
ml 0.0000353147 ft³ 0.000001 m³ L³
l 0.0353147 ft³ 0.0017 m³ L³
Force units
Units US imperial factor Tedds base unit Dimension
oz 0.0625 slugsft/s² 0.278013 kgm/s² MLT-2
ozf 0.0625 slugsft/s² 0.278013 kgm/s² MLT-2
lb 1 slugsft/s² 4.448216 kgm/s² MLT-2
lbs 1 slugsft/s² 4.448216 kgm/s² MLT-2
lbf 1 slugsft/s² 4.448216 kgm/s² MLT-2
kip 1000 slugsft/s² 4448.22 kgm/s² MLT-2
kips 1000 slugsft/s² 4448.22 kgm/s² MLT-2
ton 2000 slugsft/s² 8896.43 kgm/s² MLT-2
tonf 2000 slugsft/s² 8896.43 kgm/s² MLT-2
t 2000 slugsft/s² 8896.43 kgm/s² MLT-2
tf 2000 slugsft/s² 8896.43 kgm/s² MLT-2
dyne 0.00000224809 slugsft/s² 0.00001 kgm/s² MLT-2
N 0.224809 slugsft/s² 1 kgm/s² MLT-2
kgf 2.20463 slugsft/s² 9.80665 kgm/s² MLT-2
kN 224.809 slugsft/s² 1000 kgm/s² MLT-2
MN 224809 slugsft/s² 1000000 kgm/s² MLT-2
Moment units  
Units US imperial factor Tedds base unit Dimension
lbf_in 0.0833333 slugsft²/s² 0.112985 kgm²/s² ML2T-2
in_lbf 0.0833333 slugsft²/s² 0.112985 kgm²/s² ML2T-2
lb_in 0.0833333 slugsft²/s² 0.112985 kgm²/s² ML2T-2
in_lb 0.0833333 slugsft²/s² 0.112985 kgm²/s² ML2T-2
lbs_in 0.0833333 slugsft²/s² 0.112985 kgm²/s² ML2T-2
in_lbs 0.0833333 slugsft²/s² 0.112985 kgm²/s² ML2T-2
lbf_ft 1 slugsft²/s² 0.112985 kgm²/s² ML2T-2
ft_lbf 1 slugsft²/s² 1.35582 kgm²/s² ML2T-2
lb_ft 1 slugsft²/s² 1.35582 kgm²/s² ML2T-2
ft_lb 1 slugsft²/s² 1.35582 kgm²/s² ML2T-2
lbs_ft 1 slugsft²/s² 1.35582 kgm²/s² ML2T-2
ft_lbs 1 slugsft²/s² 1.35582 kgm²/s² ML2T-2
kip_in 83.3333 slugsft²/s² 112.985 kgm²/s² ML2T-2
in_kip 83.3333 slugsft²/s² 112.985 kgm²/s² ML2T-2
kip_ft 1000 slugsft²/s² 1355.82 kgm²/s² ML2T-2
ft_kip 1000 slugsft²/s² 1355.82 kgm²/s² ML2T-2
ton_ft 2000 slugsft²/s² 2711.63 kgm²/s² ML2T-2
ft_ton 2000 slugsft²/s² 2711.63 kgm²/s² ML2T-2
tons_ft 2000 slugsft²/s² 2711.63 kgm²/s² ML2T-2
ft_tons 2000 slugsft²/s² 2711.63 kgm²/s² ML2T-2
tm 6561.68 slugsft²/s² 8896.43 kgm²/s² ML2T-2
Nmm 0.000737563 slugsft²/s² 0.001 kgm²/s² ML2T-2
Nm 0.737563 slugsft²/s² 1 kgm²/s² ML2T-2
kNm 737.563 slugsft²/s² 1000 kgm²/s² ML2T-2
Mnm 737563 slugsft²/s² 1000000 kgm²/s² ML2T-2
Energy units
Units US imperial factor Tedds base unit Dimension
cal 3.08803 slugsft²/s² 4.1868 kgm²/s² ML2T-2
kcal 3088.03 slugsft²/s² 4186.8 kgm²/s² ML2T-2
BTU 778.173 slugsft²/s² 1055.06 kgm²/s² ML2T-2
J 0.737563 slugsft²/s² 1 kgm²/s² ML2T-2
kJ 737.563 slugsft²/s² 1000 kgm²/s² ML2T-2
MJ 737563 slugsft²/s² 1000000 kgm²/s² ML2T-2
GJ 737563100 slugsft²/s² 1000000000 kgm²/s² ML2T-2
erg 0.00000007376 slugsft²/s² 0.0000001 kgm²/s² ML2T-2
Power units
Units US imperial factor Tedds base unit Dimension
w 0.737563 slugsft²/s³ 1 kgm²/s³ ML2T-3
kw 737.563 slugsft²/s³ 1000 kgm²/s³ ML2T-3
MW 737563 slugsft²/s³ 1000000 kgm²/s³ ML2T-3
Stress and pressure units
Units US imperial factor Tedds base unit Dimension
mwater 204.816 slugs/s²/ft 9806.65 kg/s²/m ML-1T-2
mmwater 0.204816 slugs/s²/ft 9.80665 kg/s²/m ML-1T-2
mH20 204.816 slugs/s²/ft 9806.65 kg/s²/m ML-1T-2
mmH2O 0.204816 slugs/s²/ft 9.80665 kg/s²/m ML-1T-2
in_HG 70.7261 slugs/s²/ft 3386.38 kg/s²/m ML-1T-2
atm 2116.22 slugs/s²/ft 101325 kg/s²/m ML-1T-2
ksi 144000 slugs/s²/ft 6894748 kg/s²/m ML-1T-2
ksf 1000 slugs/s²/ft 47880.2 kg/s²/m ML-1T-2
psi 144 slugs/s²/ft 6894.75 kg/s²/m ML-1T-2
psf 1 slugs/s²/ft 47.8802 kg/s²/m ML-1T-2
Pa 0.0208855 slugs/s²/ft 1 kg/s²/m ML-1T-2
kPa 20.8855 slugs/s²/ft 1000 kg/s²/m ML-1T-2
MPa 20885.5 slugs/s²/ft 1000000 kg/s²/m ML-1T-2
GPa 20885500 slugs/s²/ft 109 kg/s²/m ML-1T-2
bar 2088.55 slugs/s²/ft 100000 kg/s²/m ML-1T-2
bars 2088.55 slugs/s²/ft 100000 kg/s²/m ML-1T-2
Force density units
Units US imperial factor Tedds base unit Dimension
pcf 1 slugs/s²/ft² 157.087 kg/s²/m² ML-2T-2
Load force units
Units US imperial factor Tedds base unit Dimension
klf 1000 slugs/s² 14593.9 kg/s² MT-2
plf 1 slugs/s² 14.5939 kg/s² MT-2
Temperature units
Units US imperial factor Tedds base unit Dimension
Cday 86400 s°C 86400 s°C T°C
°Cday 86400 s°C 86400 s°C T°C
Note:

The units in the Electrical units table are based around a definition of a coulomb as a dimensionless unit.

For all practical purposes, the following definitions are sufficient to ensure that calculations and dimensional checking work correctly in Tedds.

However, in rare cases, combining the following units with other dimensionless units can mean that the dimensional analysis fails to detect errors.

Units US imperial factor Tedds base unit Dimension
coul Not applicable Not applicable Dimensionless
amp s-1 s-1 T-1
A s-1 s-1 T-1
kA 103s-1 103s-1 T-1
mA 10-3s-1 10-3s-1 T-1
µA 10-6s-1 10-6s-1 T-1
V 0.737563 slugsft²/s² 1 kgm²/s² ML2T-2
volt 0.737563 slugsft²/s² 1 kgm²/s² ML2T-2
mV 0.0007376 slugsft²/s² 0.001 kgm²/s² ML2T-2
kV 737.563 slugsft²/s² 1000 kgm²/s² ML2T-2
ohm 0.737563 slugsft²/s 1 kgm²/s ML2T-1
W 737.563 slugsft²/s 1 kgm²/s ML2T-1
kΩ 0.737563 slugsft²/s 1000 kgm²/s ML2T-1
MΩ 737563 slugsft²/s 1000000 kgm²/s ML2T-1
mho 1.35582 slugs-1ft-2s 1 kg-1m-2s M-1L-2T
siemens 1.35582 slugs-1ft-2s 1 kg-1m-2s M-1L-2T
weber 0.737563 slugsft²/s 1 kgm2s ML2T-1
henry 0.737563 slugsft² 1 kg m2 ML2
H 0.737563 slugsft² 1 kg m2 ML2
mH 0.0000007376 slugsft² 0.001 kg m2 ML2
µH 0.0000007376 slugsft² 0.000001 kg m2 ML2
tesla 0.0685219 slugs/s 1 kg/s MT-1
gauss 0.0000068522 slugs/s 0.0001 kg/s MT-1
oersted 24.2552 /ft/s 79.5775 /m/s M-1T-1
farad 1.35582 slugs-1m-2s2 1 kg-1m-2s2 M-1L-2T2
F 1.35582 slugs-1m-2s2 1 kg-1m-2s2 M-1L-2T2
pF 0.000000000001356 slugs-1m-2s2 0.000000000001 kg-1m-2s2 M-1L-2T2
nF 0.00000000135582 slugs-1m-2s2 0.000000001 kg-1m-2s2 M-1L-2T2
µF 0.00000135582 slugs-1m-2s2 0.000001 kg-1m-2s2 M-1L-2T2
Currency units
Units US imperial factor Tedds base unit Dimension
£ Not applicable Not applicable Dimensionless
$ Not applicable Not applicable Dimensionless
Note:

Like all other Tedds units, currency units must be placed after the numbers to which they apply.

Currency units have been added to facilitate calculations which require compound units, such as £/year.

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